Making an Audio Power Amplifier (Drive a Sub Woofer)

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Designing an audio power amplifier is much simpler than you think:



The audio amplifier I designed here is to drive the sub woofer speaker I showed, which I used in my other experiment in “The Secret to Levitation (Experiment with Water)”

The schematic of the amplifier is repeated here below:

Power Amplifier Circuit

Power Amplifier Circuit

The parts I used are listed here:

  • Q1: D44H11TU from Fairchild, NPN 80V 10A TO-220
  • Q2: KSB596YTU from Fairchild, PNP 80V 4A TO-220
  • U1: TS912IN from STM, Rail to Rail Dual OpAmp, 2.7 to 16V, 8-DIP
  • R2 = 5.6K, R1 = 1K for a gain of -R2/R1 = -5.6 V/V

They call this circuit a class AB amplifier, where there are two output power transistors, one on the high side (Q1) and one on the low side (Q2). Q1 supplies the positive output voltages while Q2 supplies the negative output voltages. So they each share half of the output power if the signal is symmetric around zero.

If we supply the input signal directly to the bases of the transistors, the output signal will be highly distorter due to two reasons:

  • Each transistor needs around 0.7V base emitter voltage to turn on. Therefore for any signal smaller than 0.7V amplitude the output remains unchanged and transistors will clip the signal.
  • The transistors show non-linear large signal behavior under load and will distort the output voltage.

Therefore I added an Operational Amplifier (OpAmp) to the circuit. What the OpAmp does is to compare the output voltage to the input voltage and generate a special signal at the OpAmp output or the transistor input, which would cause the transistor output to be almost equal to the input signal. Below is the hand drawn waveforms, if you can’t tell!

Voltage Waveforms

Voltage Waveforms

You can see that the OpAmp output voltage (VOpAmp) jumps when the voltage gets close to where the transistors turn off. Doing this, the OpAmp makes sure that the moment when transistors are both off is very short and this will cause a very negligible glitch at the output that is not noticeable.



Feedback resistors R1 and R2 are used to adjust the circuit gain. The gain here is equal to -R2/R1. I adjusted the gain for my circuit to around 6 V/V because I measured the output amplitude of my cellphone to be around 1V and I wanted a swing that could go as high as the circuit would allow.

The output of the phone is design to drive headphones with around 40 ohm impedance. I usually choose the feedback resistors above 1K Ohm. So the phone will have no problem driving such load.

The transistor outputs can still be slightly distorted, but it will not show at low frequencies, and depending on the speed and drive capability of the OpAmp it might only show at higher frequencies that can be outside the human hearing range anyways.

The circuit is design to work with a positive and negative supply with a common ground. The output voltage will be limited by the supply, and the limiting factor is the output of the OpAmp. So to get the maximum voltage swing, it is better to use a rail-to-rail OpAmp. Also you can always increase the supply voltage.

But beware that if you increase the output level, you are putting more power drop across your transistors. So make sure you do your power calculations and provide enough heat sinking on those transistors to keep them cool enough and avoid damage.

Isn’t it awesome that drill batteries have this extra center contact?! You can use one battery as a dual supply.

You also see in the video how the speaker vibrating at 31Hz seems to be moving very slow. This is the exact same effect as in my previous post, “The Secret to Levitation (Experiment with Water)“. The slow movement is something that is captured by the camera and is not visible to human eye in normal cases.

My next video will continue on a new experiment using the same components, but with very interesting and different results. So stay tuned!



139 thoughts on “Making an Audio Power Amplifier (Drive a Sub Woofer)”

  3. Is the positive of the opamp supposed to be connected to ground? Also, I was just wondering, is Vcc + and – the audio input, or the power input? thanks!

    • the “positive” is the positive input. tieing it to ground results in a non iverting configuration, so its just fine. Vcc stands for “Voltage at the Common Collector”, so its the power supply. Input is labeled “V in”.

  4. Thanks you very much for post, This the best guide post for car audio sound system include details. It is the very effective and helpful share for beginners. Author keeps all think at this share.

  5. Thanks a lot for sharing your incredible ideas. It is an appreciated and pretty tip for all those music lovers. What a Fatal post for those who want to upgrade exist subwoofer with new one.

  7. Author has kept superb unknown ideas, that will help most of music lover. It is not only includes huge ideas but also user friendly with figure-out post. If anybody read this article will reinforce to get this. Thanks a million for this post

  8. Hello, I would like to see a sister schematic of two amps back to back, a sort of H-Bridge with the speaker in the middle instead of one leg on ground. This would double your power for a given voltage (sine you are going from +V to -V and -V to +V, not +V to 0 and -V to 0). Of course this requires two things: inverting the original signal and balancing the two halves. Only a qualified electrical engineer should draw one. *cough* Mehdi?

  9. Hello,
    I’m from india ,can I used 230v to 12 v transformer with rectifier for power supply?
    And also can I use 13003 MOSFET for class D audio amplifier?

  10. Hello sir,
    I didn’t get the TS9121 rail to rail dual operational amplifier. What should I do now, pleas suggest any other substitution…..for that…

  11. Pingback: OpAmps and Transistors – Through the Eyes of a Life Long Learner

  12. hi,

    I use two M-Auido AV30 Monitor Speakers with an old sub I found that I repaired the wiring. I believe the two M-Audio speakers are in parallel and run no problem (similar to connecting them with the +6V -6V part of your schematic.

    When I add the sub in parallel I believe it takes a toll on the m-audio connected to power and causes excess heat. It does work, and it sounds ok. But I guess I was thinking the heat experienced on the powered m-audio is due to too much pull from sub.

    That’s why I am trying to power it with a similar circuit that you have. Is this a good approach?

  13. Looks to me that there is a high current path through emitter of the pnp -> base of the pnp -> base of the npn -> emitter of the npn… This does not look like it can handle much voltage (2*Vcc)… I imagine that all this does is collapse the input voltage to what it wants it to be and dissipates the rest energy as heat…

  14. Hi Mehdi,
    I saw Your video, and wanted to build this circuit, but I didn’t have the exact parts, so I decided to build it from stuff I had lying around. I used lm358 ic, bc547 and 558 transistors, and 2.2k resistor instead of 5.6k. After playing around with finished circuit, i discovered, that I can get rid of resistors and pnp transistor, so I was left with npn transistor and the ic. I connected base of transistor to output of opamp, collector to plus on my battery pack, and emitter was my audio output. I also replaced bc547 with bdp281, and amplifier would still work just fine. I was really surprised by its gain level, but there was still one thing that I didn’t like. The amplifier will distort audio after turning up the volume. Do You have any idea what can I do to reduce distortion? I am thinking about transfering the circuit to prefboard, rather than using it on breadboard. I also want to replace lm358 with opa2134. Do You think it will help? If You would come up with something, please let me know.

    • I made another amplifier before but on breadboard and i had the same problem but now that i made the circuit on preaf board its working fine without that problem

    • I had this problem, and after fiddling around, realised that the high volume distortions happen because your power supply is too weak;
      use a more powerful power supply

  15. You are doing nice.
    But there is no need to doing such a dangerous things like a warnings and precaution. …..
    .
    .
    Is you are indian…..

    • Electrboom is from Lebanon or other Asian origin, but definitely not India. But you can make a wrong guess as he is Indian, based on his low stress on safety, but it is only for demo. He is for sure not that way in real life.

      Happy new year 2018.

    • Sir,
      I didn’t get the TS9121 rail to rail dual operational amplifier. What should I do now, pleas suggest any other substitution…..for that…

  17. Hey Mehdi, I have few questions
    what is the tube’s inner diameter? What should the strobe light frequency be? Please also let me know if a reciprocating pump would be necessary for this to work. Thank you so much

  18. “The output of the phone is design to drive headphones with around 40 ohm impedance. I usually choose the feedback resistors above 1K Ohm. So the phone will have no problem driving such load.”

    I cant quite understand this. so the phone is driving a much grater resistance than it can handle?

    • hey, the higher the resistance, the easyer the driver can drive it, because there is less curent flowing

  19. Hi Mehdi

    How do you achieve the “higher around zero” output characteristic of the OpAmp? Is it the behaviour of the part you selected? I had a quick look at its datasheet but saw no indication of that.

    • I don’t understand your question. Can you point me to where I said “higher around zero”?

      • Sorry, my bad wording. I am referring to the waveform drawings you made of the -Vin=Vout versus Vopamp.

        Is it an internal characteristic of the OpAmp to create the jumps arounz 0V to avoid the cutoff from the transistors?

        • Nevermind, found it. Since the feedback circuit (R2/R1) isn’t from the OpAmp output but from Vout, which is 0.7V lower or 0.7V higher.

  20. Sir, i have been through many youtube videos and loved most of them but i didn’t get that kind of satisfaction which your explanations gave me, i feel sorry for you getting hurt all the time for making us understand well.
    Sir if you don’t mind can you make a few videos explaining how do design an amplifier for speaker and also filters depending upon the voltage and power ratings.
    thanks for helping us sir…
    how you would consider my wish and make a video on how do design an amplifier circuit theoretically i.e what kind of component must be used either npn or pnp or op amp or an other .
    thankyou sir

  22. hi i am wondering if this is a good amplifier for home subwoofer audio. i dont want to spend hundreds of dollars on a subwoofer amp so i am looking around and found this. so before i try it i would like your opinion. would it be good for “bass shakers” and subwoofers for the home? thanks.

  23. Hi Mehdi! I like your videos a lot !
    Thank you so much for doing them.

    I’m trying to build the amplifier, but my speaker is 8ohm and 1w. Do you thing it will work for the water vibrations purpose or a higher power is necessary?
    (I’d adapt the circuit for this speaker).

    Greets!!! 🙂

    • I think it should be fine. The quality of water image also depends on the water flow and hose too.

      • What characteristics of the hose and the water flow would affect the image quality of the water image? Thanks!

  24. Hi medhi,
    I have made a circuit using lm386 op-amp
    But it is creating too much noise .How to reduce the noise
    I am a guitarist and I am in need of an amplifer so pls help me.

  25. Quick Question, just to the left of R1, I am assuming that Vin represents one of the cords of the headphones and the other cord goes to ground? Is this correct? Thanks in advance

    • the headphone wire has a signal and ground wire twisted in a pair, and that’s how they connect to this circuit.

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  27. Hello sir,
    Good day!
    I have a basic amplifier with two speaker outputs, I would like to split a subwoofer line from it. May I know the way to do it.
    Pls .

  28. A group of friends and I are building a photophone – a system to transmit sound using a laser. We found your amplifier circuit and are planning on using it to amplify the signal from the solar panel to a speaker. Would you have any idea what parts to get if the solar panel’s expected maximum output is 2V and 200mA, and the speaker can work with 600 mA and 5V?

  29. Can I connect the input directly in parallel with the sub woofer of my sound system for more power

  30. hi i want to make an amplifier for 2 subwoofer, this would go connected to my stereo , the project that you show can work for that?

  31. Hello sir you are amazing.i am in problem can you solve it
    I had 5 woofers but i didn’t had a amplifier can u please explain how to make a amplifier

  32. Hello sir,

    how to make amplifier circuit also with function generator by which we reduce the cost of smartphone from this circuit …..

    • Oh of course you can connect it to a function generator, but that only plays tones, not music. I thought everyone has a cellphone that can output music though.

      • Hello sir ,

        Firstly thanks for responding me , i only want this circuit for making a water levitation effects so if i make a function generator circuit using 555 ic or same as any other and then connect to this circuit is it works as well as your project which you shown in your previous video named water levitation ?

        Please reply.

        Regards
        Saket

        • hehe, sorry I though your comment was on my TeslaCoil page! Yes a 555 circuit would work fine!

    • Good question, I’m not quite familiar with sound engineering, but there was this measurement tools or dB meters they sell, which shows you the power or decibel of sound over a certain distance from the source.

      For example I use such a tool to approve an buzzer for our application. It had to be louder than a certain level in a meter distance.

  34. What is the specification of the speaker ?

    the purpose of the Op-Amp is to reduce the crossover distortion by “makes sure that the moment when transistors are both off is very short ” how the Op-amp do that can you explain this (the feedback process ) ??

    thank you

    • It is just a bass speaker I took from some surround sound system.

      Either of of the push-pull transistors are on, which close the feedback loop, or not. If they are not on, the loop is open, causing the gain of the stage to go very high (the OpAmp gain is huge). In which case, a tiny change of the input causes the output of the opamp to jump, but it only jumps so far until on of the transistors turn on again, and close the loop. So the OpAmp reacts very quick to open loop, helping to keep very short the moment when both transistors are off. That reduces the distortion greatly.

  36. What is the reason you connect feedback resistor R2 to Vout instead of the output of the OpAmp?

    • Because if you did that,the op amp wuold behave like a simple buffer,not an actual amplifier. What you would be left with is a signal that is closer to a square wave when you give it ,let’s say,a sine wave (you would just drive the transistors as switches instead of variable “valves”).

    • If connected like you said, R2 would not have any effect, And there is no control over huge gain of the OpAmp and so it just saturates high or low. But connected to the input of the OpAmp, the OpAmp acts like an amplifier. Imagine Q1 and Q2 stage is a part of the OpAmp responsible for driving higher current. This stage, if used alone, creates great distortion in signal but with the OpAmp the distortion is minimized.

      • Ahh, you misunderstood the question. I meant why is R2 between Vout and the “-” input of the OpAmp.
        I was expecting R2 to be between the “-” input of the OpAmp and the base of Q1 & Q2.

        But I think I figured it out…If R2 was connected to the base of the transistors the gain of the OpAmp (-R2/R1) would be multiplied by the hFE of Q1 & Q2 and you would end up with a gain of 5.6 * 50 = ~280…right?

        • The gain of transistor stage is close to one, as it is emitter follower. But the issue is that on voltage or transistors along with large signal properties generate great distortion and clipping to the signal. When we close the loop from their output, the OpAmp huge gain ensures the output and input waveforms will look the same.

  37. hey i am actually designing a 2.1 home theater system. Can you please tell me what are the major differences in the design of subwoofer for 2.1 and 5.1 channels. I surfed a lot to get this answer. May be yop can help me.

    • there is no difference in any of them. It all depends on you how much bass you want. if you want i can give you a schematic for 2.1 sound system.

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  41. Hi Mehdi, I am wondering.
    1. Can I use this power supply (http://www.ebay.com/itm/EU-12V-1A-AC-DC-Power-Supply-Adapter-for-CCTV-Camera-Free-Shipping-/350939519397?pt=US_Surveillance_Cables_Adapters_Connectors&hash=item51b5a019a5 ) connect this to connector and through LM7806 ( 6V 1A Positive Voltage Regulator) to circuit instead of use drill battery? Because I wanted to do another board with 2 regulators to supply this circuit and strobelight from one power source. If I can please tell me on what I should pay special attention? If I am wrong please tell me how to supply this from EU electrical socket in wall (230V 50Hz)?

    2. How I have to connect cables from jack (Vin) in this circuit because i am not 100% sure? If I have stereo jack I have to connect right and left channel to Vin and rest to ground?

    Sorry for my English and please explaine like for silly guy because I am beginer.

    • Answer 1. http://lh3.ggpht.com/_gnU30vMbtYg/Tcsp3cNq3oI/AAAAAAAAAlY/zKc93faxPoE/virtual%20ground_thumb%5B1%5D.png?imgmax=800

      Resistors 100Ohm.

      Answer 2. Blue and red (right and left channel) to Vin and both gold/orange to ground.

      I post answers on my questions in case somebody had same problem ;P.

      Already did it, but I have one more question:
      Maybe you know how to get bigger current in this virtual ground solution because i got -/+6V +/- 60mA if I have right I need 400mA ?

      My DC have 12V 1.2A.

    • Well, with one supply like this it is tough to make the circuit. The issue is that for the circuit the way I made it there will be also high current through your ground, so you can’t just make a virtual ground with resistors. Also you can’t use a capacitor to decouple your load easily as the frequency is very low for my application. If you want regular audio though, a 1000uF capacitor could work well. Then you can make a virtual ground as a reference for your OpAmp, have the big capacitor connected between the circuit output and your load (speaker) and then connect the speaker to supply negative.

    • sauds,?cbaneo a la mañana cruzo el puente y veo la silueta del Pilar ,con el sol atras ,asi como esta ,me entra una emocion,no se la reconozco como mia ,es una de las cosas que me voy apropiando en mi cabeza de la ciudad .Me la guardo si el autor nos los permite.Un beso y te re leo siempre

  42. Hi again ;p,
    I wanted to ask, what if I have a 8 ohm 35W speaker? Please tell me what I have to change in circuit and what will happen if i leave like this?

    • Nothing bad happens if you use this circuit for your speaker, just that this circuit won’t drive it to the full 35W capability of the speaker.

      • I would like to use almost full power of speaker. -R2/R1 should be a little more than -8V/V to get about 7,6V – 7,8V output? If I am wrong, please correct me.

        sorry for my english and silly questions ;p

          • In order to have 35W of power across 8V speaker with a single tone means a 24V amplitude signal, so you would need over 50 volt supply for that. with a 12V battery and this circuit you won’t be able to provide that much power, maybe close to 3 W. You would need something else…

    • Hi, 2 things… First 8 ohms will carry 35 watts at about 16.5 volts (ohms law) This is the maximum rms value of your speaker, but you will need more than that rail to rail for a stable amplifier. (I don’t recommend cheating with capacitors) Second, putting a couple of diodes in between the bases of the drive transistors will drastically decrease the distortion the op amp has to compensate for. There is a voltage drop across the base – emitter junction of each transistor and each diode has a similar voltage drop. The above is true if the drop across the diodes is greater than the drop across the bases, but if you have a multimeter, simply select diodes with smaller drops. There will still be a cutoff around zero, but it can be taken down to a few dozen millivolts without compensation. I’m running speakers right now. They are running at unity gain minus the impedance of my circuit, but there’s very little distortion.

    • and i am wondering what cables i can use to connect resistors with opamp and etc. I thought about LAN UTP but i dont know maybe that will be to thin wire ? can you say something about this because i am beginner and i am afraid that it will be warm or something

    • These transistors seem powerful, but the VCE saturation of them is pretty high, like 3V. It means when the current is high, there will be a large voltage drop across the transistors and will distort the output too much, which in return limits the output swing.

  44. Hay, nice video, and good instructions. I’m building a portable phone amp/radio thing which will have monster bass for its size. but I’m building on the cheap and wanted to know if your amp sircus will not only work for a woofer, but for regular audio. Will the sound be high quality or am I going to need to build something more complex?

  45. Hi Mehdi, i m very love your stuff 😀
    can i ask something, how you make your circuit to connect to your phones in your videos?
    Circuit that you touch and very hot in your videos above (that’s funny :D)

    • Just use a broken headphone, cut the two wires of one headphone and connect it to VIN in the circuit I showed.

  46. Hi, I would like to know if the subwoofer amp is necessary to make the stroboscope illusion?

    • The amp is necessary if you want to drive the speaker with a smart phone like I did. But if what you use to play the tone already has a power amplifier in it, then you won’t need to make a separate one.

  47. HI mehdi, Sorry for the trouble…. :), Now i am making the amplifier you have show I can not get the Transistors you specified I found the ones available to be here are 2N3055N and 2N3055P ?? other than that got everything the Op-Amp I am using is Lm393 which I checked have the same features as the one you specified, if I am making any error please guide! Thanks

    • make sure your transistors can drive a couple of amps, and with hef of 50. Any OpAMp with output current capability over 20mA should work fine. If your OpAmp is lower current, make sure hef of your transistor is larger. Good luck!

  48. i have a scool project where im supposed to use 100 watt bass and a cople of speakers and i need to make a curcuit so i can play music on it and the have to play thogether. its supposed to fit in a backpack so i can bring it to my school and i ned help with the curcuit. i dont know where i’ll get the parts and i dont know how to get them playing thogether.

    plz help!

  49. hello mehdi.
    Im a computer science student so my knowledge in circuits is quite low. ive been wondering if you know any good book to read as an intro to circuits and from there to a more complex reading on this topic?
    thank you.

    • I wish I could remember, I started my bachelor 18 years ago. And I don’t recall using many text books, just the usual classroom data given out by professors. I guess internet is your best friend!

    • Just search for signal generator or function generator in your app store, and choose one you like most!

  51. Mehdi,

    You are the man. You make electronics easy and fun; I always laugh when I watch your videos. I am trying to build the circuit above in order to create a Chladni Plate (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtiSCBXbHAg) – using water, though, which is more suited to a sub.

    I may or may not be able to get a drill battery, so could you tell me if it would also be possible to use a virtual ground built off another op-amp? Maybe the other amp in the dual package? See this resource: http://www.swarthmore.edu/NatSci/echeeve1/Ref/SingleSupply/SingleSupply.html … I would go with the inverting flavor.

    Thanks again!

    • You can do it two ways:

      – Use two batteries powerful enough to drive the output, put them in series and use the center as ground.
      – Use a single high enough voltage battery, like you said, use an OpAmp or just a good resistor divider to create a center voltage. But you can’t drive the output off of that voltage. So connect you load to battery negative, and use a capacitor in series with the output to DC isolate the load from output. If you are using very low frequencies, your capacitor needs to be large in value.

      Good luck!!

      • Thanks for your quick reply Mehdi.

        I definitely understand the first strategy – it’s like your original setup with the drill battery. To check my understanding, you’d wire everything up the same way, except your supplies would look like this: http://draw.to/DFp31e.

        As for the second strategy, what you’re saying is that the center “ground” created by the divider can’t independently source current without affecting the other supplies. So instead of connecting the load to Vout and ground, you’d connect it to -Vcc, which can source current, and Vout which will provide the amplified AC signal that will be transduced into sound. The DC offset that would appear at Vout due to -Vcc is filtered by the big cap. So the wiring is the same, except for the source of ground (top of drawing) and the connections to Vout and the load (bottom of drawing). Is that right? http://draw.to/Dn0pCo.

        Thanks so much!

        ET

        • Both drawings are correct. Regarding the second one, it’s not the supplies that are affected, it is the divided voltage. Because if you assume that as ground and connect your load negative side to it, the load current will need to go through the divider. Your load current is large and an OpAmp or resistor divider can’t hold the level.

          Using a capacitor, assuming your speaker is 6 Ohm, you would need the capacitor to have an impedance lower than 0.6 Ohm at least at 10Hz to get a good output level. So your capacitor must be around 30mF or larger.

        • By the way, how do you put a face picture for yourself in the comments? I couldn’t find a way to add a picture for myself yet!

          • Hi Medhi,

            Right. Your explanation on the current through “ground” makes more sense (:

            Would you please explain your calculation for the cap impedance? I tried to do the math with an RC series circuit but feel like I’m missing one piece of information/assumption. I need to build this tonight so will continue to look at it, but want to make sure I don’t blow anything up (one thing I have definitely learned from your videos is that this can happen)! I have a 4 Ohm speaker.

            For my picture, I used Gravatar!

            Thanks,

            ET

          • I just assumed a capacitive impedance much smaller than the speaker resistance of 6 ohm. For much smaller I went with 0.6 ohm. And for low frequency I assumed 10Hz. You can change the assumptions. Capacitor impedance = 1/(2*Pi*f*C) so 0.6 = 1/(2*3.14*10*C) and so C=26mF. The larger value, the lower impedance, so I rounded it to 30mF.

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    • The transistors are rated for 30W and above. So if you increase the voltage rails as much as the circuit can tolerate, you might be able to achieve close to 30W, although I doubt it if you can go that high. You should do some heavy heat sinking on the transistors too.

  55. Hi Mehdi,

    One basic question about the amplifier. You mentioned that the gain of the op-amp is around -6. In your awesomely hand-drawn waveform, why isn’t the output of op-amp 180 degrees out of phase with the input? (i.e. shouldn’t the output of the op-amp be negative when Vin is positive?) Consequently, shouldn’t Vout (transistor output) also be opposite of Vin?

    Thanks in advance for the explanation!

    • You are absolutely right. I added a minus sign before Vin in the drawing to fix this. Good catch, apparently you are listening well in the class!

  57. Oh how I wish you made this just a couple months earlier! My friend and I were in an engineering class in high school and we decided to build an guitar amplifier. Where we got stuck on was how to start designing a schematic for a 40W amp. Your explanation surely clears up some problems we had!

    Thank you for doing this experiment!

  58. Pingback: Shocking truth about making an audio amplifier | BRYAN LENETT OFFICIAL WEBSITE - BryanLenett.com

  59. Thank you, Mehdi! I hate to ask, but could you provide a (rudimentary) bill of materials for that circuit? (i.e. what part# did you use for R1/R2, Q1/Q2, the opamp, etc.?) I’ve got perfboard, I’ve got hookup wire, I’ve got solder and an iron and I’m not afraid to use ’em – but I’m hopeless at figuring out the BOM from a schematic, and I bet I’m not the only one among your fans.

    Thanks again for the videos and blog!

    • it the gains is 6 V/V and the feedback resistor (R2) is 1Kohm then, because gain = -R2/R1, R1 should be around 165 ohm…opamp must be a LM741 (check DC voltage)…
      Q1 should be a npn BC547, Q2 pnq BC547

      • Thanks Chuck for the parts. There are some issues with them though: LM741 is not a rail to rail OpAmp and will limit your output. Also the transistor you provided (same part number for both) can only handle 100mA which is not enough for a 6 ohm load. I’ll provide my BOM soon.

    • Hi Marc, I updated my post and added my BOM there. You might want to put heat sink on the transistors if you are taking high power from them. Good luck!

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